Assalamu'alaikum wr.wb
Selamat sore kawan?? Pada postingan kali ini saya akan men-Share sedikit ilmu saya tentang membuat DNS di Debian. Sebelum kita memulai konfigurasinya, alangkah baiknya jika anda mengetahui terlebih dahulu pengerti dan fungsi DNS.Domain Name System (DNS) yaitu nama sebuah system database yang berfungsi untuk memenuhi kebutuhan komputer, layanan/sumber daya yang terhubung ke dalam jaringan internet/jaringan komputer pribadi. Atau definisi lainnya adalah merupakan sistem database yang terdistribusi, digunakan sebagai pencarian nama komputer di dalam jaringan yang menggunakan TCP/IP. DNS memiliki kelebihan ukuran database yang tak terbatas serta mempunyai performa cukup baik.
Fungsi DNS adalah, bisa di baca dibawah ini:
- Menerjemahkan nama host (hostnames), jadi nomor IP address atau sebaliknya, sehingga nama-nama tersebut mudah diingat oleh para pengguna internet.
- Memberikan suatu informasi mengenai suatu host kepada seluruh jaringan internet. DNS mempunyai keunggulan misalnya seperti: DNS sangat mudah sebab user tak lagi direpotkan untuk mengingat IP (IP address) sebuah komputer/pc cukup host name. Konsisten, IP (IP address) sebuah komputer boleh saja berubah akan tetapi host name tidak boleh berubah.
1. Siapkan terlebih dahulu peralatanya. yaitu PC/Laptop yang sudah terpasang atau terinstall OS debian 7.5 (Wheezy).
2. Siapkan pula DVD debian 1 dan 2. Jika anda tidak punya kaset DVD debian 2, anda dapat mendownload DVDimagenya disini kemudian anda burn pada kaset DVD anda yang masih kosong.
3. Setting ip address pada server atau vps kita.
Ok... Langsung saja kita mulai config:
1. Setting ip
nano /etc/network/interfaces
# This file describes the network interfaces available on your system
# and how to activate them. For more information, see interfaces(5).
# The loopback network interface
auto lo
iface lo inet loopback
# The primary network interface
auto eth0
iface eth0 inet static
address 192.168.2.235
netmask 255.255.255.0
network 192.168.2.0
broadcast 192.168.2.255
gateway 192.168.2.1
dns-nameservers 192.168.2.1
auto eth1
iface eth1 inet static
address 192.168.56.1
netmask 255.255.255.0
network 192.168.56.0
broadcast 192.168.56.255
# and how to activate them. For more information, see interfaces(5).
# The loopback network interface
auto lo
iface lo inet loopback
# The primary network interface
auto eth0
iface eth0 inet static
address 192.168.2.235
netmask 255.255.255.0
network 192.168.2.0
broadcast 192.168.2.255
gateway 192.168.2.1
dns-nameservers 192.168.2.1
auto eth1
iface eth1 inet static
address 192.168.56.1
netmask 255.255.255.0
network 192.168.56.0
broadcast 192.168.56.255
Note: Disini, server saya menggunakan 2 interfaces. yang dimana interfaces yang pertama menuju ke internet dan interfaces yang kedua menujua ke arah client.
- Selanjutnya kita restart server kita dengan perintah berikut:
root@Debian:~# /etc/init.d/networking restart
[warn] Running /etc/init.d/networking restart is deprecated
because it may not re-enable some interfaces ... (warning).
[ ok ] Reconfiguring network interfaces...done.
root@Debian:~#
because it may not re-enable some interfaces ... (warning).
[ ok ] Reconfiguring network interfaces...done.
root@Debian:~#
- Lalu kita chek ip server kita dengan perintah berikut:
root@Debian:~# ifconfig
eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 08:00:27:66:6a:53
inet addr:192.168.2.235 Bcast:192.168.2.255 Mask:255.255.255.0
inet6 addr: fe80::a00:27ff:fe66:6a53/64 Scope:Link
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:570 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:436 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
RX bytes:54343 (53.0 KiB) TX bytes:49460 (48.3 KiB)
eth1 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 08:00:27:a8:7b:4b
inet addr:192.168.56.1 Bcast:192.168.56.255 Mask:255.255.255.0
inet6 addr: fe80::a00:27ff:fea8:7b4b/64 Scope:Link
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:12 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
RX bytes:0 (0.0 B) TX bytes:936 (936.0 B)
lo Link encap:Local Loopback
inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0
inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host
UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:16436 Metric:1
RX packets:21 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:21 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:0
RX bytes:2096 (2.0 KiB) TX bytes:2096 (2.0 KiB)
root@Debian:~#
inet addr:192.168.2.235 Bcast:192.168.2.255 Mask:255.255.255.0
inet6 addr: fe80::a00:27ff:fe66:6a53/64 Scope:Link
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:570 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:436 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
RX bytes:54343 (53.0 KiB) TX bytes:49460 (48.3 KiB)
eth1 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 08:00:27:a8:7b:4b
inet addr:192.168.56.1 Bcast:192.168.56.255 Mask:255.255.255.0
inet6 addr: fe80::a00:27ff:fea8:7b4b/64 Scope:Link
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:12 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
RX bytes:0 (0.0 B) TX bytes:936 (936.0 B)
lo Link encap:Local Loopback
inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0
inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host
UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:16436 Metric:1
RX packets:21 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:21 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:0
RX bytes:2096 (2.0 KiB) TX bytes:2096 (2.0 KiB)
root@Debian:~#
2. Kali ini kita sudah mulai masuk dalam langkah menginstall package untuk membuat DNS. dan kali ini saya menggunakan bind9. Dan sebelum kita menginstall package tersebut, kita harus memasukkan kaset DVD debian 2 terlebih dahulu. Dan apabilan kaset DVD debian 2 tersebut sudah masuk, masukkan perintah dibawah ini :
root@Debian:~# apt-cdrom add
Using CD-ROM mount point /media/cdrom/
Identifying.. [48a6c28d16e9af7a3d0e6d12d7f89587-2]
Scanning disc for index files..
Found 2 package indexes, 0 source indexes, 2 translation indexes and 0 signatures
This disc is called:
'Debian GNU/Linux 7.5.0 _Wheezy_ - Official i386 DVD Binary-2 20140426-12:26'
Reading Package Indexes... Done
Reading Translation Indexes... Done
Writing new source list
Source list entries for this disc are:
deb cdrom:[Debian GNU/Linux 7.5.0 _Wheezy_ - Official i386 DVD Binary-2 20140426-12:26]/ wheezy contrib main
Repeat this process for the rest of the CDs in your set.
root@Debian:~#
Identifying.. [48a6c28d16e9af7a3d0e6d12d7f89587-2]
Scanning disc for index files..
Found 2 package indexes, 0 source indexes, 2 translation indexes and 0 signatures
This disc is called:
'Debian GNU/Linux 7.5.0 _Wheezy_ - Official i386 DVD Binary-2 20140426-12:26'
Reading Package Indexes... Done
Reading Translation Indexes... Done
Writing new source list
Source list entries for this disc are:
deb cdrom:[Debian GNU/Linux 7.5.0 _Wheezy_ - Official i386 DVD Binary-2 20140426-12:26]/ wheezy contrib main
Repeat this process for the rest of the CDs in your set.
root@Debian:~#
- Ok... Sekarang saatnya kita mulai menginstall packagenya dan berikut perintahnya :
root@Debian:~# apt-get install bind9
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
The following extra packages will be installed:
bind9utils
Suggested packages:
bind9-doc resolvconf ufw
The following NEW packages will be installed:
bind9 bind9utils
0 upgraded, 2 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded.
Need to get 0 B/490 kB of archives.
After this operation, 1257 kB of additional disk space will be used.
Do you want to continue [Y/n]? Y <---------
Media change: please insert the disc labeled
'Debian GNU/Linux 7.5.0 _Wheezy_ - Official i386 DVD Binary-1 20140426-12:26'
in the drive '/media/cdrom/' and press enter <--------- please mount DVD 1
Can't set locale; make sure $LC_* and $LANG are correct!
perl: warning: Setting locale failed.
perl: warning: Please check that your locale settings:
LANGUAGE = "en_US:en",
LC_ALL = (unset),
LC_TIME = "id_ID.UTF-8",
LC_MONETARY = "id_ID.UTF-8",
LC_ADDRESS = "id_ID.UTF-8",
LC_TELEPHONE = "id_ID.UTF-8",
LC_NAME = "id_ID.UTF-8",
LC_MEASUREMENT = "id_ID.UTF-8",
LC_IDENTIFICATION = "id_ID.UTF-8",
LC_NUMERIC = "id_ID.UTF-8",
LC_PAPER = "id_ID.UTF-8",
LANG = "en_US.UTF-8"
are supported and installed on your system.
perl: warning: Falling back to the standard locale ("C").
locale: Cannot set LC_ALL to default locale: No such file or directory
Preconfiguring packages ...
Selecting previously unselected package bind9utils.
(Reading database ... 24860 files and directories currently installed.)
Unpacking bind9utils (from .../bind9utils_9.8.4.dfsg.P1-6+nmu2+deb7u1_i386.deb) ...
Selecting previously unselected package bind9.
Unpacking bind9 (from .../bind9_9.8.4.dfsg.P1-6+nmu2+deb7u1_i386.deb) ...
Processing triggers for man-db ...
locale: Cannot set LC_ALL to default locale: No such file or directory
Setting up bind9utils (1:9.8.4.dfsg.P1-6+nmu2+deb7u1) ...
Setting up bind9 (1:9.8.4.dfsg.P1-6+nmu2+deb7u1) ...
locale: Cannot set LC_ALL to default locale: No such file or directory
Adding group `bind' (GID 106) ...
Done.
Adding system user `bind' (UID 104) ...
Adding new user `bind' (UID 104) with group `bind' ...
Not creating home directory `/var/cache/bind'.
wrote key file "/etc/bind/rndc.key"
#
[ ok ] Starting domain name service...: bind9.
root@Debian:~#
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
The following extra packages will be installed:
bind9utils
Suggested packages:
bind9-doc resolvconf ufw
The following NEW packages will be installed:
bind9 bind9utils
0 upgraded, 2 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded.
Need to get 0 B/490 kB of archives.
After this operation, 1257 kB of additional disk space will be used.
Do you want to continue [Y/n]? Y <---------
Media change: please insert the disc labeled
'Debian GNU/Linux 7.5.0 _Wheezy_ - Official i386 DVD Binary-1 20140426-12:26'
in the drive '/media/cdrom/' and press enter <--------- please mount DVD 1
Can't set locale; make sure $LC_* and $LANG are correct!
perl: warning: Setting locale failed.
perl: warning: Please check that your locale settings:
LANGUAGE = "en_US:en",
LC_ALL = (unset),
LC_TIME = "id_ID.UTF-8",
LC_MONETARY = "id_ID.UTF-8",
LC_ADDRESS = "id_ID.UTF-8",
LC_TELEPHONE = "id_ID.UTF-8",
LC_NAME = "id_ID.UTF-8",
LC_MEASUREMENT = "id_ID.UTF-8",
LC_IDENTIFICATION = "id_ID.UTF-8",
LC_NUMERIC = "id_ID.UTF-8",
LC_PAPER = "id_ID.UTF-8",
LANG = "en_US.UTF-8"
are supported and installed on your system.
perl: warning: Falling back to the standard locale ("C").
locale: Cannot set LC_ALL to default locale: No such file or directory
Preconfiguring packages ...
Selecting previously unselected package bind9utils.
(Reading database ... 24860 files and directories currently installed.)
Unpacking bind9utils (from .../bind9utils_9.8.4.dfsg.P1-6+nmu2+deb7u1_i386.deb) ...
Selecting previously unselected package bind9.
Unpacking bind9 (from .../bind9_9.8.4.dfsg.P1-6+nmu2+deb7u1_i386.deb) ...
Processing triggers for man-db ...
locale: Cannot set LC_ALL to default locale: No such file or directory
Setting up bind9utils (1:9.8.4.dfsg.P1-6+nmu2+deb7u1) ...
Setting up bind9 (1:9.8.4.dfsg.P1-6+nmu2+deb7u1) ...
locale: Cannot set LC_ALL to default locale: No such file or directory
Adding group `bind' (GID 106) ...
Done.
Adding system user `bind' (UID 104) ...
Adding new user `bind' (UID 104) with group `bind' ...
Not creating home directory `/var/cache/bind'.
wrote key file "/etc/bind/rndc.key"
#
[ ok ] Starting domain name service...: bind9.
root@Debian:~#
root@Debian:~# cd /etc/bind/
root@Debian:/etc/bind# ls
bind.keys db.empty named.conf.default-zones zones.rfc1918
db.0 db.local named.conf.local
db.127 db.root named.conf.options
db.255 named.conf rndc.key
root@Debian:/etc/bind#
bind.keys db.empty named.conf.default-zones zones.rfc1918
db.0 db.local named.conf.local
db.127 db.root named.conf.options
db.255 named.conf rndc.key
root@Debian:/etc/bind#
root@Debian:/etc/bind# cp db.127 db.ip
root@Debian:/etc/bind# cp db.local db.domain
root@Debian:/etc/bind# cp db.local db.domain
root@Debian:/etc/bind# ls
bind.keys db.255 db.ip named.conf named.conf.options
db.0 db.domain db.local named.conf.default-zones rndc.key
db.127 db.empty db.root named.conf.local zones.rfc1918
root@Debian:/etc/bind#
bind.keys db.255 db.ip named.conf named.conf.options
db.0 db.domain db.local named.conf.default-zones rndc.key
db.127 db.empty db.root named.conf.local zones.rfc1918
root@Debian:/etc/bind#
6. Selanjutnya, kita edit kedua file tersebut satu per satu.
root@Debian:/etc/bind# nano db.domain
;
; BIND data file for local loopback interface
;
$TTL 604800
@ IN SOA smkcaturglobal.co.id. root.smkcaturglobal.co.id. (
2 ; Serial
604800 ; Refresh
86400 ; Retry
2419200 ; Expire
604800 ) ; Negative Cache TTL
;
@ IN NS smkcaturglobal.co.id.
@ IN A 192.168.2.235
; BIND data file for local loopback interface
;
$TTL 604800
@ IN SOA smkcaturglobal.co.id. root.smkcaturglobal.co.id. (
2 ; Serial
604800 ; Refresh
86400 ; Retry
2419200 ; Expire
604800 ) ; Negative Cache TTL
;
@ IN NS smkcaturglobal.co.id.
@ IN A 192.168.2.235
Note : Edit text yang sudah diberi tanda merah.
localhost : Nama domain yang akan anda buat.
127.0.0.1 : IP public anda.
localhost : Nama domain yang akan anda buat.
127.0.0.1 : IP public anda.
root@Debian:/etc/bind# nano db.ip
;
; BIND reverse data file for local loopback interface
;
$TTL 604800
@ IN SOA smkcaturglobal.co.id. root.smkcaturglobal.co.id. (
1 ; Serial
604800 ; Refresh
86400 ; Retry
2419200 ; Expire
604800 ) ; Negative Cache TTL
;
@ IN NS smkcaturglobal.co.id.
1 IN PTR smkcaturglobal.co.id.
; BIND reverse data file for local loopback interface
;
$TTL 604800
@ IN SOA smkcaturglobal.co.id. root.smkcaturglobal.co.id. (
1 ; Serial
604800 ; Refresh
86400 ; Retry
2419200 ; Expire
604800 ) ; Negative Cache TTL
;
@ IN NS smkcaturglobal.co.id.
1 IN PTR smkcaturglobal.co.id.
7. Edit juga file named.conf.local.
root@Debian:/etc/bind# nano named.conf.local
//
// Do any local configuration here
//
// Consider adding the 1918 zones here, if they are not used in your
// organization
//include "/etc/bind/zones.rfc1918";
zone "smkcaturglobal.co.id" { -----------> sesuaikan dengan domain yang telah dibuat tadi.
type master;
file"/etc/bind/db.domain"; ------> file and directory location sesuai dengan file yang kita copy tadi.
};
zone "2.168.192.in-addr.arpa" { ---> sesuaikan dengan domain yang telah dibuat tadi.
type master;
file"/etc/bind/db.ip"; ---> file and directory location sesuai dengan file yang kita copy tadi.
};
// Do any local configuration here
//
// Consider adding the 1918 zones here, if they are not used in your
// organization
//include "/etc/bind/zones.rfc1918";
zone "smkcaturglobal.co.id" { -----------> sesuaikan dengan domain yang telah dibuat tadi.
type master;
file"/etc/bind/db.domain"; ------> file and directory location sesuai dengan file yang kita copy tadi.
};
zone "2.168.192.in-addr.arpa" { ---> sesuaikan dengan domain yang telah dibuat tadi.
type master;
file"/etc/bind/db.ip"; ---> file and directory location sesuai dengan file yang kita copy tadi.
};
Note : Tambahkan script seperti diatas.
root@Debian:/etc/bind# nano /etc/resolv.conf
search smkcaturglobal.co.id -------> sesuai dengan nama domain anda
nameserver 192.168.2.235 -------> sesuai dengan ip public anda
nameserver 192.168.2.235 -------> sesuai dengan ip public anda
9. Langkah terakhir yaitu kita restart bind9 nya. Berikut perintahnya:
root@Debian:/etc/bind# /etc/init.d/bind9 restart
[....] Stopping domain name service...: bind9waiting for pid 4943 to die
. ok
[ ok ] Starting domain name service...: bind9.
root@Debian:/etc/bind#
. ok
[ ok ] Starting domain name service...: bind9.
root@Debian:/etc/bind#
root@Debian:/etc/bind# nslookup smkcaturglobal.co.id
Server: 192.168.2.235
Address: 192.168.2.235#53
Name: smkcaturglobal.co.id
Address: 192.168.2.235
root@Debian:/etc/bind#
Address: 192.168.2.235#53
Name: smkcaturglobal.co.id
Address: 192.168.2.235
root@Debian:/etc/bind#
Sekian dari saya, apabila anda ada keselahan atau kesulitan ungkapkan saja di komentar. Dan apabila ada kekurangan atau kesalahan dalam penulisan mohon maaf. Terimakasih sudah mau mengunjungi saya.
Wassalmu'alaikum wr.wb
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